Hydrogen H2 Properties,Formula,Price, Uses

What is Hydrogen

**Introduction to Hydrogen Gas** Hydrogen gas (H₂) is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, playing a vital role in energy, industry, and sustainability. As a clean energy carrier, it produces only water when burned, making it a key player in decarbonizing sectors like transportation, power generation, and manufacturing. Hydrogen is produced through various methods, including electrolysis (green hydrogen) and steam methane reforming (gray/blue hydrogen). It is widely used in refining, fertilizer production, and fuel cells. With growing investments in renewable hydrogen, it promises to revolutionize the global energy landscape by enabling zero-emission solutions and enhancing energy security. Its versatility positions hydrogen as a cornerstone of the future green economy.

Hydrogen Basic Info

Chemical Name Hydrogen

Synonyms H2;Dihydrogen;Wasserstoff;Liquid hydrogen;Molecular hydrogen;HYDROGE;PROTIUM;HYDROGEN;diprotium;o-Hydrogen

CAS No. 1333-74-0

Molecular Formula H2

Molecular Weight 2.02

PSA 0.00000

LogP 0.00000

Safely Info

RTECS MW8900000

Hazard Class 2.1

Safety Statements 9-16-33

HS Code -

WGK Germany -

Packing Group -

RIDADR UN 1950 2.1

Risk Statements 12

Hazard Codes F+

Caution Statement P210-P377-P381-P410+P403

Hazard Declaration H220-H280

Symbol GHS02,GHS04

Signal Word Danger

Hydrogen Price

United States: $1.50 - $3.00 per kg
China: $1.20 - $2.50 per kg
Russia: $1.80 - $3.50 per kg
Germany: $2.00 - $4.00 per kg
India: $1.10 - $2.30 per kg
Japan: $2.50 - $4.50 per kg
Brazil: $1.30 - $2.70 per kg
South Korea: $2.00 - $3.80 per kg
Philippines: $1.40 - $2.80 per kg
United Kingdom: $1.80 - $3.20 per kg
France: $2.10 - $3.90 per kg
Mexico: $1.25 - $2.60 per kg
Canada: $1.70 - $3.10 per kg
South Africa: $1.15 - $2.40 per kg
Egypt: $1.35 - $2.75 per kg
Turkey: $1.60 - $3.20 per kg
Thailand: $1.20 - $2.50 per kg
Indonesia: $1.10 - $2.30 per kg

MSDS

Name:	Hydrogen Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:
CAS:	1333-74-0

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Hydrogen Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
1333-74-0	Hydrogen	100.0	215-605-7

Hazard Symbols: F+
Risk Phrases: 12

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Extremely flammable.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation.
Ingestion:
Low hazard for usual industrial handling.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Exposure to high concentrations may cause weakness, asphyxia, and death. Exposure to low concentrations may cause narcotic effects. Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, nausea, and loss of coordination.
Chronic:
No information found.

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists.
Ingestion:
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid if irritation or symptoms occur.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air.
Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Flammable Gas. Can form explosive mixtures at or above the flashpoint. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flame. Containers may explode if exposed to fire. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
Extinguishing Media:
For large fires, use water spray or fog. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. For small fires, use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Remove all sources of ignition. Isolate area and deny entry. Provide ventilation. Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas. Stop leak only if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation.
Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store below 50C.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
Exposure Limits CAS# 1333-74-0: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Gas
Color: colorless
Odor: odorless
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: -253 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: -259 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: 560 deg C ( 1,040.00 deg F)
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: 4.0
Explosion Limits, upper: 75.0
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: 1.6 mg/l
Specific Gravity/Density: 0.07
Molecular Formula: H2
Molecular Weight: 2.014

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable.
Conditions to Avoid:
High temperatures, incompatible materials, ignition sources.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomposition Products:
None.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 1333-74-0: MW8900000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Hydrogen - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Products which are considered hazardous for supply are classified as Special Waste and the disposal of such chemicals is covered by regulations which may vary according to location. Contact a specialist disposal company or the local waste regulator for advice. Empty containers must be decontaminated before returning for recycling.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
No information available.
IMO
No information available.
RID/ADR
No information available.

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: F+
Risk Phrases:
R 12 Extremely flammable.
Safety Phrases:
S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No
smoking.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 1333-74-0: 0
Canada
CAS# 1333-74-0 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 1333-74-0 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 1333-74-0 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

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1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name	dihydrogen

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number	-
Other names	Hydrogen

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses	For industry use only. Food additives
Uses advised against	no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

Company	MOLBASE (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Address	Floor 4 & 5, Building 12, No. 1001 North Qinzhou Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
Telephone	+86(21)64956998
Fax	+86(21)54365166

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number	+86-400-6021-666
Service hours	Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Gases under pressure: Compressed gas

Flammable gases, Category 1

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H220 Extremely flammable gas
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
Response	P377 Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. P381 In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
Storage	P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. P403 Store in a well-ventilated place.
Disposal	none

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

Chemical name	Common names and synonyms	CAS number	EC number	Concentration
dihydrogen	dihydrogen	1333-74-0	none	100%

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air, rest.

In case of skin contact

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer immediately for medical attention.

In case of eye contact

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water. Refer immediately for medical attention.

If swallowed

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. (ERG, 2016)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

no data available

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

Approach fire with caution as high-temperature flame is practically invisible. Stop flow of gas before extinguishing fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use flooding quantities of water as fog or spray.

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. (ERG, 2016)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Remove vapour with fine water spray.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Eliminate all ignition sources. Approach release from upwind. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to disperse vapors and protect personnel.

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Fireproof. Cool. Ventilation along the floor and ceiling. Separated from oxidizing materials.Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Isolate from oxygen, halogens, other oxidizing materials.

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

no data available

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

Physical state	Colorless gas and odorless
Colour	Colorless gas
Odour	Odorless
Melting point/ freezing point	-259ºC
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range	?252.8°C(lit.)
Flammability	Extremely flammable. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion.
Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit	LOWER: 4.0%; UPPER: 75% (% BY VOL)
Flash point	<-150°C
Auto-ignition temperature	571.11°C
Decomposition temperature	no data available
pH	no data available
Kinematic viscosity	no data available
Solubility	In water:0.00017 g/100 mL
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value)	no data available
Vapour pressure	1.24X10+6 mm Hg at 25°C
Density and/or relative density	0.0899
Relative vapour density	0.07 (21 °C, vs air)
Particle characteristics	no data available

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

HIGHLY DANGEROUS WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT, FLAME ...The gas mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed. The gas is lighter than air.Finely divided platinum and some other metals will cause a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to explode at ordinary temperatures. If a jet of hydrogen in air impinges on platinum black the metal surface gets hot enough to ignite the gases, [Mellor 1:325(1946-1947)]. Explosive reactions occur upon ignition of mixtures of nitrogen trifluoride with good reducing agents such as ammonia, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide or methane. Mixtures of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or methane and oxygen difluoride are exploded when a spark is discharged, [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:192(1956)]. An explosion occurred upon heating 1'-pentol and 1''-pentol under hydrogen pressure. It appears that this acetylenic compound under certain conditions suddenly breaks down to form elemental carbon, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide with the release of sufficient energy to develop pressures in excess of 1000 atmospheres, [AIChE Loss Prevention, p1, (1967)].

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Release of hydrogen @ 47.5 bar into a vented 17.5-l chromium-plated sphere caused explosive ignition. /Hydrogen/

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

no data available

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

Oral: no data available
Inhalation: no data available
Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

no data available

Reproductive toxicity

no data available

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

Toxicity to fish: no data available
Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
Toxicity to algae: no data available
Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

no data available

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

no data available

12.4 Mobility in soil

no data available

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

ADR/RID: UN1950

IMDG: UN1950

IATA: UN1950

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

ADR/RID: AEROSOLS

IMDG: AEROSOLS

IATA: AEROSOLS

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

ADR/RID: 2.1

IMDG: 2.1

IATA: 2.1

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

ADR/RID: unknown

IMDG: unknown

IATA: unknown

14.5 Environmental hazards

ADR/RID: no

IMDG: no

IATA: no

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

Chemical name	Common names and synonyms	CAS number	EC number
dihydrogen	dihydrogen	1333-74-0	none
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)			Listed.
EC Inventory			Listed.
United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory			Listed.
China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015			Listed.
New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC)			Listed.
Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS)			Listed.
Vietnam National Chemical Inventory			Listed.
Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC)			Listed.

16.Other information

Information on revision

Creation Date	Aug 16, 2017
Revision Date	Aug 16, 2017

Abbreviations and acronyms

CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
IATA: International Air Transportation Association
TWA: Time Weighted Average
STEL: Short term exposure limit
LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/